Aframomum melegueta, interior Ghana, showing the tuft of hairs that distinguishes it from the species referred to as grains of paradise to boost medieval sales Aframomum granum-paradisi, the medieval grains of paradise from coastal Nigeria

Elettaria cardamum, the green fragrant cardamom
Amomum subulatum, the small black cardamom from Nepal and surrounding mountains
Amomum costatum, the large black cardamom from the mountainous region where Laos, Vietnam and China join Afromomum angustifolium, the traditional African cardamom from Madagascar