Insects in an Urban Garden - Hemiptera
Ottawa Canada

Auchenorrhyncha
Aphrophora alni: An introduced European spittlebug that feeds on plant xylem sap; its larva surrounds itself with foam to conserve moisture. Length 9 mm.
Auchenorrhyncha: Spittlebug on Rudbeckia fulgida. Large one length 3.5 mm.
Ceratagallia humilis: These active leaf hoppers are widespread in Canada. Length 2 mm.
Coelidia olitoria (Jikradia olitoria): One of the most common leafhoppers, it feeds on plant sap. Body length 3 mm.
Empoasca fabae: Potato Leafhopper larvae cause problems for potato crops. Length 2.5 mm.
Forcipata: This little bug flies in and lands fast, then doesn't move - so fast you see no motion at all. Easy to confuse with a small flower petal unless you're looking at the leaf the moment it lands. Length 5 mm.
Gyponana geminata: This leafhopper eats pine tree needles. Length 8 mm
Graphocephala picta: As do most leafhoppers, this one feeds on plant sap. Length 8 mm.
Metcalfa pruinosa: As do most sap feeders, these bugs excrete honeydew and deposit it on the plant. This attracts not only ants but also bees. This is the nymph stage; adults are blue-grey. It overwinters as an egg. Length 2 mm.
Orientus ishidae: Japanese Mosaic Leafhoppers arrived in 1919 and feed on many grasses. Length 3 mm.
Philaenus spumarius: The Meadow Spittlebug feeds on most herbaceous plants. It overwinters as an egg. Length 5 mm.
Tibicen canicularis: An annual cicada, the commonest one here. Length 45 mm.
Typhlocyba: A widely distributed genus of leafhoppers. Length 2.5 mm.
Coccidae
Coccus hesperidum: Soft brown scale is the commonest scale insect here, especially on indoor plants. Length 3-4 mm.
Heteroptera
Anasa armigera: Horned Squash Bugs, as the name implies, feed on Cucurbitae when they are available. Length 14 mm.
Asopinae: Both adult and nymph of these stink bugs prey on caterpillars and beetle larvae.
Banasa dimiata: This stink bug prefers trees and shrubs for food, in my case Ribes rubrum. Length 10 mm.
Brochymena: Many of these stink bugs are predators of caterpillars and beetle larvae. This larva has a tachnid egg ready to convert it into a parasitic fly. Length 11 mm.
Chinavia hilaris: The Green Stink Bug eats developing seeds when available. Length 14 mm.
Cosmopepla lintneriana: The Twice-stabbed Stink Bug female lays eggs in clusters on the host plant and guards them. As do most stinkbugs, it overwinters as an adult beneath leaf litter. Length 5 mm.
Euschistus servus: The Brown Stink Bug is a generalist vegetarian: leaves, seeds and fruit. Length 13 mm.
Euschistus tristigmus: The Dusky Stink Bug is also a generalist vegetarian: leaves, seeds and fruit. Length 12 mm.
Gerris: These water striders are present in my small pond most of the summer. This one is checking out an ant grub thrown in the water.
Heraeus plebejus: This Seed Bug is found under stones and on sumac leaves. Length 4 mm.
Leptoglossus occidentalis: A western native that has been moving east, it feeds on sap of conifer seed cones and seeds. The tibial swellings are distinctive. Length 15 mm.
Leptopterna dolabrata: The Meadow Plant Bug feeds on developing grass seeds. As with all members of the Miridae, it has no symbiotic bacteria so its survival is strongly dependent on the nutrient balance of its plant food. Because of this, it is often used in grass nutrient studies. Nymph length 3 mm (excluding antennae), adult 8 mm.
Lopidea: A group of plant bugs found on many trees and forbes. Length 6 mm.
Lygaeus kalmii: The Small Milkweed Bug sucks nectar from various flowers until milkweed seeds are available; larvae grow on milkweed; this is a nymph, adults have more black. Length 6 mm.
Lygus lineolaris: The Tarnished Plant Bug is a generalist vegetarian. Length 5 mm.
Myodocha serripes: Long-necked Seed Bugs feed on the seeds of strawberries. Length 8 mm.
Neolygus: These Plant Bugs feed on deciduous trees. Length 4 mm.
Neurocolpus: Plant bugs inject a tissue dissolving saliva into leaves then suck out the liquified plant tissues. They rarely kill plants, just disfiguring the leaves. Immature. Length 3 mm.
Phymata americana: If you're less than 50 times the size of this Ambush Bug, you don't want to be near it! It eats anything it can grab, even wasps and bees.
Phytocoris: These Plant Bugs specialize in eating soft scales and mites. Length 7 mm.
Pilophorus: Some of these bugs are ant mimics, cohabiting with them. Length 3.5 mm.
Reduvius personatus: The Masked Hunter eats small arthropods; the name comes from its larvae that camouflage themselves with dust. Length 18 mm.
Stenodemini: One of the Miridae, it eats grasses, choosing them depending on their nutrient balance. Length 8 mm.
Sternorrhyncha
Aleyrodidae: Whiteflies feed on the underside of leaves; there are perhaps 150 species in North America that can only be told apart in the last instar stage. I get hundreds of them in the shaded part of the east garden every July; wingspan 2 mm
Aphididae: an aphid that became common on our indoor Kalanchoe. Length 8 mm
Aphis maculatae: Spotted Poplar Aphids, as the name implies, are normally found on Populus but overwinter on Cornus. Regrettably I didn't record the host plant of these, but it was neither.
Aulacorthum solani: An aphid that infests a number of indoor plants every winter. It can live on just about any plant and is common in homes world wide. Length 1.5 mm.
Macrosiphini: 4th instar winged aphid on Clematis tangutica; it also appeared on Ribes rubrum. Length 2.1 mm.
Myzus: a long-winged aphid that became common on our indoor plants. Wing length 3 mm
Neolecanium cornuparvum: Magnolia Scale begins to coat magnolia trees locally in early summer. It is our largest scale and very visible against the grey bark. It lives underground off the roots in juvenal stages; it's transported up the tree by ants and tended for its sugar excretions. Female diameter up to 10 mm.
Staticobium: Host plant Sonchus arvensis. Length 1.6 mm.
Uroleucon obscuricaudatus: These aphids appear late July by the thousands on Helenium helianthoides. Red aphids have acquired the ability to synthesize red carotenoids by incorporating a gene from fungi; they are the only known member of the animal kingdom with this ability. Neat bugs. An occasional blast from a hose nozzle to wash them off keeps them acceptably under control. Goldfinches like them too. Winged adult body length 3 mm.

John Sankey
other insects in the garden